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Newly Diagnosed. Info for Parents. Info for Kids. Gluten-Free in College. Family Testing. Gluten in Medications. Dental Care. Psychological Impacts. Celiac in the News. Our Newsletter. Our Podcast. Press Releases. Community Advocacy. Gluten-Free Bloggers. Gluten is common in the Western-style diet, so it would be unusual to avoid it when not following a strict gluten-free diet.
Finally, for you to develop celiac disease, certain factors in your environment must help to cause it. It's these factors that aren't clear; some people can consume gluten every day for decades without a problem and then develop severe celiac disease symptoms very suddenly, while some young children exhibit celiac symptoms as soon as gluten-containing grains are introduced into their diets. Many women begin to experience celiac symptoms following pregnancy and birth, and other people find their symptoms begin following a seemingly unrelated illness—or even following a stressful time in their life.
There is also research into whether a virus might trigger the condition. Besides having first-degree family members with celiac disease, health-related risk factors include having:. It's likely, too, that there are other genes involved that haven't yet been identified.
Genes are inherited. As a result, celiac disease can run in families. There's some evidence that carrying two copies of one of the genes either DQ2 or DQ8 may increase your risk.
You would have two copies if you inherited one copy from each parent. Genetic testing for the genes associated with celiac disease is done by collecting cells from your mouth with a swab or by spitting into a vial. This can be done by your healthcare provider, by specialized laboratories, or even by commercial genetic profile companies.
Again, even if you are prone to developing celiac disease, you won't without exposure to gluten which is, essentially, inevitable. Gluten is found in wheat and some other grains. There is conflicting research as to whether the hybridized wheat of today has more gluten than wheat from a century ago.
Some have theorized that the rise in celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity is tied to genetically modified wheat. However, since genetically-modified wheat isn't on the market anywhere, it can't be causing the increase. There is ongoing research into whether feeding patterns in the first year of life make a difference in developing celiac disease. These studies have not found any effect associated with whether or not a child was breastfed and when gluten was first introduced to the diet.
There is weak evidence that having a high amount of gluten at the time of weaning might increase the risk of celiac disease in children who have a high familial risk. Celiac disease is caused by having specific genes, eating gluten, and possibly by some sort of trigger. However, medical science still doesn't know much about any of these potential factors, even though they seem to be the keys to why some people with certain genes develop celiac disease while others do not.
In fact, researchers have only begun to explore various possibilities. Certain variations of these genes are associated with celiac disease. They are part of what is called the human leukocyte antigen HAL complex—a group of genes that help the immune system tell the difference between proteins produced by the body and those made by viruses and other infectious microbes.
In celiac disease, these genes are involved in an inappropriate immune response to a protein in gluten called gliadin. There's evidence stress may play a role in autoimmune disorders including celiac disease. In one study, people with celiac disease reported experiencing a stressful life event a year before they were diagnosed.
Celiac disease can develop at any age after people start eating foods or medicines that contain gluten. Left untreated, celiac disease can lead to additional serious health problems.
People with celiac disease have a 2x greater risk of developing coronary artery disease, and a 4x greater risk of developing small bowel cancers. The treatment burden of celiac disease is comparable to end-stage renal disease, and the partner burden is comparable to caring for a patient with cancer. Untreated celiac disease can lead to the development of other autoimmune disorders like Type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis MS , and many other conditions, including dermatitis herpetiformis an itchy skin rash , anemia, osteoporosis, infertility and miscarriage, neurological conditions like epilepsy and migraines, short stature, heart disease and intestinal cancers.
Currently, the only treatment for celiac disease is lifelong adherence to a strict gluten-free diet. People living gluten-free must avoid foods with wheat, rye and barley, such as bread and beer. Overview Celiac disease Open pop-up dialog box Close. Celiac disease Your small intestine is lined with tiny hairlike projections called villi, which absorb vitamins, minerals and other nutrients from the food you eat.
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Celiac disease Adult. Mayo Clinic; Ciclitira PJ. Management of celiac disease in adults. Accessed May 4, Celiac disease gluten enteropathy.
Merck Manual Professional Version. Gluten free diet: Building the grocery list. American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Morrow ES.
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