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Term » Definition. Word in Definition. Princeton's WordNet 0. Freebase 0. Matched Categories Literature. How to pronounce sanskrit literature? Alex US English. David US English. Mark US English.
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Fred US English. Tessa South African. The classical period of Sanskrit literature dates to the Gupta period and the successive pre-Islamic middle kingdoms of India, spanning approximately the 3rd to 8th centuries CE. Hindu Puranas, a genre of Indian literature that includes myths and legends, fall into the period of Classical Sanskrit. Drama as a distinct genre of Sanskrit literature emerged in the final centuries BCE, influenced partly by Vedic mythology.
Famous Sanskrit dramatists include Shudraka, Bhasa, Asvaghosa, and Kalidasa; their numerous plays are still available, although little is known about the authors themselves.
Works of Sanskrit literature, such as the Yoga-Sutras of Patanjali, which are still consulted by practitioners of yoga today, and the Upanishads , a series of sacred Hindu treatises, were translated into Arabic and Persian. Sanskrit fairy tales and fables were characterized by ethical reflections and proverbial philosophy, with a particular style making its way into Persian and Arabic literature and exerting influence over such famed tales as One Thousand and One Nights , better known in English as Arabian Nights.
Poetry was also a key feature of this period of the language. Kalidasa was the foremost Classical Sanskrit poet, with a simple but beautiful style, while later poetry shifted toward more intricate techniques including stanzas that read the same backwards and forwards, words that could be split to produce different meanings, and sophisticated metaphors.
Sanskrit is vital to Indian culture because of its extensive use in religious literature, primarily in Hinduism, and because most modern Indian languages have been directly derived from, or strongly influenced by, Sanskrit.
Knowledge of Sanskrit was a marker of social class and educational attainment in ancient India, and it was taught mainly to members of the higher castes social groups based on birth and employment status. In the medieval era, Sanskrit continued to be spoken and written, particularly by Brahmins the name for Hindu priests of the highest caste for scholarly communication.
Today, Sanskrit is still used on the Indian Subcontinent. More than 3, Sanskrit works have been composed since India became independent in , while more than 90 weekly, biweekly, and quarterly publications are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma , a daily newspaper written in Sanskrit, has been published in India since Sanskrit is used extensively in the Carnatic and Hindustani branches of classical music, and it continues to be used during worship in Hindu temples as well as in Buddhist and Jain religious practices.
Sanskrit is a major feature of the academic linguistic field of Indo-European studies, which focuses on both extinct and current Indo-European languages, and can be studied in major universities around the world. Privacy Policy. Skip to main content. Search for:. Sanskrit Learning Objective Explain the importance of Sanskrit.
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