Ions which have only one element that carry either positive or negative charge are called monoatomic ions. Those ions which possess positive charge are called cations. Then this positively charged species is called cation. The term was coined by Faraday and Whewell.
Those ions which possess negative charge are called anions. Then this negatively charged species is called anion. An ion or a charged particle which has a positive charge is called cation. An ion or a charged particle which has a negative charge is called anion. In cations the number of protons is more than the number of electrons.
In anions the number of electrons is more than the number of protons. So the number of electrons which carry a negative charge becomes greater than the number of protons. As a result, there is a net negative charge imparted to the structure making an atom a negative charge-carrying-ion known as an anion. A chlorine atom becomes an anion after acquiring an electron to stabilize its octet according to the following illustration.
Usually non-metals form anions and the resulting reaction is exothermic. Metals form cations mostly while anions mostly are formed by non-metals. The process of ionization in a cation is endothermic while in the case of an anion is exothermic. Difference Between Cation and Anion. Difference Between Similar Terms and Objects. MLA 8 Kaushik, Nimisha. Name required. Email required.
Please note: comment moderation is enabled and may delay your comment. There is no need to resubmit your comment. Notify me of followup comments via e-mail. Written by : Nimisha Kaushik. These charged species are called ions. A cation has more protons than electrons, consequently giving it a net positive charge.
For a cation to form, one or more electrons must be lost, typically pulled away by atoms with a stronger affinity for them. The number of electrons lost, and so the charge of the ion, is indicated after the chemical symbol, e. An anion has more electrons than protons, consequently giving it a net negative charge.
For an anion to form, one or more electrons must be gained, typically pulled away from other atoms with a weaker affinity for them. The number of electrons gained, and so the charge of the ion, is indicated after the chemical symbol, e.
The main differences between cations and anions are summarized in the table below. It can be possible to predict whether an atom will form a cation or an anion based on its position on the periodic table.
Halogens always form anions, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals always form cations. Most other metals form cations e.
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